ASTM E2046-03

This test method measures the time to extrapolated onset of an exothermic reaction under constant temperature (isothermal) conditions for reactions which have an induction period, for example, those which are catalytic or autocatalytic in nature or which contain reaction inhibitors.

The RIT determined by this test method is to be considered an index measurement that is useful for comparing one material to another at the test temperature of interest and in the same apparatus type only.

This test method is a useful adjunct to dynamic thermal tests, such as Test Method E 537, which are performed under conditions in which the sample temperature is increased continuously at constant rate. Results obtained under dynamic test conditions may result in higher estimates of temperature at which an exothermic reaction initiates because the detected onset temperature is dependent upon the heating rate and because dynamic methods allow insufficient time for autocatalytic reactions to measurably affect the onset temperature.

RIT values determined under a series of isothermal test conditions may be plotted as their logarithm versus the reciprocal of the absolute temperature to produce a plot, the slope of which is proportional to the activation energy of the reaction as described in Test Method E 2070.

This test method may be used in research and development, manufacturing, process and quality control, and regulatory compliance.

This test method is similar to that for Oxidation Induction Time (OIT) (for example, Specification D 3350 and Test Methods D 3895, D 4565, D 5483, D 6186, and E 1858) where the time to the oxidation reaction under isothermal test conditions is measured. The OIT test method measures the presence of antioxidant packages and is a relative measurement of a material’resistance to oxidation.

1.1 This test method describes the measurement of Reaction Induction Time (RIT) of chemical materials that undergo exothermic reactions with an induction period. The techniques and apparatus described may be used for solids, liquids, or slurries of chemical substances. The temperature range covered by this test method is typically from ambient to 400C. This range may be extended depending upon the apparatus used.

1.2 The RIT is a relative index value, not an absolute thermodynamic property. As an index value, the RIT value may change depending upon experimental conditions. A comparison of RIT values may be made only for materials tested under similar conditions of apparatus, specimen size, and so forth. Furthermore, the RIT value may not predict behavior of large quantities of material.

1.3 The RIT shall not be used by itself to establish a safe operating temperature. It may be used in conjunction with other test methods (for example, E 487, E 537, and E 1981 as part of a hazard analysis of a particular operation.

1.4 This test method may be used for RIT values greater than 15 min (as relative imprecision increases at shorter periods).

1.5 This test method is used to study catalytic and autocatalytic reactions. These reactions depend upon time as well as temperature. Such reactions are often studied by fixing one experimental parameter (that is, time or temperature) and then measuring the other parameter (that is, temperature or time). This test method measures time to reaction onset detection under isothermal conditions. It is related to Test Method E 487 that measures detected reaction onset temperature under constant time conditions

1.6 SI units are the standard.

1.7 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this test method.

1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.